Public expenditure

What Determines Public Expenditure Allocations?

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Social capital and public expenditure in Australia.

The structure of developed economies has changed radically in recent decades. As late as the 1960s, it was reasonable to describe the economy in terms of three stages of production: primary production—of agricultural and mineral raw materials; secondary production—a manufacturing industry that transformed raw materials into items of final consumption; tertiary production—a sector that provided ...

Practitioners’ Toolkit for Agriculture Public Expenditure Analysis

5 Gender in Public Expenditure Reviews

There are strong reasons to believe that a lessening of gender inequality is important in the promotion of economic growth and in the reduction of poverty (Murphy 1997; Blackden and Bhanu 1999, Presser and Sen 2000). A reduction in gender inequality, especially in its more extreme forms, is also desirable from a human rights prospective. The World Bank's Public Expenditure Reviews (PERs) offer ...

Public pharmaceutical expenditure: identification of spatial effects